Musical features
- Unifying Traits of Arab Music
- Importance of Arabic language.
- Centrality of melody
- Heterophony
- Ornament
- Microtonality
- Maqam
- Improvisation
- Rhythm
- Free rhythm forms
- Simple cycles
- Complex cycles
- Compound forms
- Fasil (Syria)
- Nawba (North Africa)
- Wasla (Egypt)
- Instruments
- qanun (a trapazoidal plucked zither)
- 'ud (a fretless plucked lute)
- nay (a reed flute)
- Western violin
- folk instruments