Area studies: India and South Asia (Winter 2011)

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Winter 2011 Music 467/567: MUSIC OF INDIA AND SOUTH ASIA Religion, Nation, Gender, Media


Meetings: Tue/Thu 11:00-12:20, Studio 27/2-11 FAB Professor: Regula Qureshi Office: 347 Old Arts Bldg (Canadian Centre for Ethnomusicology/folkwaysAlive) Office hours: We 1-2:30 PM or by appointment 780 492-0212, regula.qureshi@ualberta.ca

Overview

From Ravi Shankar to Bollywood and desert fiddlers, Indian music has gone global. But its roots remain strong, diverse, and local. This course explores the poetics and politics of musical genres and instruments through live and media-based case studies. The goal is to learn how individuals and groups use music as sonic expression and as a tool for negotiating change in four central domains of 20th century South Asia: devotional religion, nationalism and nation, gender identities, and media culture. Listening and hands-on exposure to South Asian soundscapes is an important goal of the course. Graduate students (567) will also critically examine research approaches taken in the readings and AV documentation. Materials are on reserve in the Music Library and on line (Rutherford 2nd floor). All students are invited to bring their own research interests to class. NB Note extra readings required for 567 only. Evaluation 467 1 Attendance, class preparation (readings!) and participation (10%) 2 Critical Listening Presentation (10 min) due Jan 25(10%) Play a sample of music related to South Asia; frame it with relevant musical or cultural information. 3. Critical Reading Report (2-3 pages) due Feb 15 (20%) Choose one of the assigned readings, lead discussion of this reading in class. 4. Ethnographic Report (2-3 pages) due Mar 15 (20%) Observe and participate in an event or activity of South Asian musical life in Edmonton. Write an ethnographic sketch based on your notes. 5 Topic Statement (1-2 pages) for final research project due April 5 (10%) Choose a topic related to South Asian music including relevant background information and key questions. Attach a working annotated bibliography using a standard citation format. Be prepared to discuss in class. 6 Final Paper (10+ 15 pages (30 %) due April 20 Use academic and non-academic sources to address the key questions of your topics.

567 1 Attendance, class preparation (readings!) and participation (10%) 2 Critical Listening Presentation (10 min) due Jan 25 (10%) Play a sample of music related to South Asia; frame it with relevant musical and cultural information. 3. Critical Reading Report (2-3 pages) due Feb 15 (20%) Choose one of the assigned readings, lead discussion of this reading in class. 4. Ethnographic Report (2-3 pages) due Mar 15(20%) Observe and participate in an event or activity of South Asian musical life in Edmonton. Write an ethnographic sketch based on your notes. 5 Topic Statement (1-2 pages) for final research project due April 20 (10%). Choose a topic related to South Asian music including relevant background information and key questions. Attach a working annotated bibliography using a standard citation format. Be prepared to discuss in class.

6 Final Paper (16-18 pages (30 %) due April 20 Use academic and non-academic sources to address the key questions of your topics. NB: Graduate Students are expected to develop a critical understanding of research approaches taken in the readings and in their own paper.

Topic Outline

Weeks 1-2 Soundscapes, Approaches

Weeks 2-4 Religion

Weeks 5-7 Nation

Weeks 8-10 Gender

Weeks 11-13 Media


Class Schedule

WEEK 1:

Jan. 11 South Asia Soundscapes, Instruments, Approaches

Jan. 13 Music and Musicians: Raga, Tala, Background and ‘Basics’ Readings: Arnold 2000a, browse; Visvanathan and Allan Ch.1, Ref: Bor:1-15; Browse Shankar1968/1976, Audio: Bor CD 1.4); Viswanathan and Allen Ex.1 (Kirtan) Video: Raga Unveiled:Ch. 4 (Raga).

WEEK 2

Jan. 18 Musical Process, Musicians, Readings: Qureshi 09, 07: 67-82; Sorrell and Ram Narayan: 81-91, 136-143 Ref: Neuman 1980: browse; Qureshi 07: 1-25, ch 11 Audio: Sabri Khan+Kamal Sabri: Raga Saugandh, Ram Narayan Video/Visuals: Sitar, Tambura, In Class video:Kamal Sabri at age 8 and 15.

Devotional Hinduism: Bhakti and Bhajan

Jan. 20		Readings:	Slawek 2000; 			 

Ref: Arnold: 246-258 Audio: Unesco India 1.2, Religious Music of India 7, Video: Bhajan Swami Narayan, Sikh Kirtan, Nepal Gaine, Nepal Dapa WEEK 3:

Jan. 25 A Hindu Pilgrimage, ADD RE SCHULTZ Readings: Karve Ref: Schultz 2008 Video: Dance JVC, Audio: Omkarnath Thakur: Pag Ghungru, Mira Bhajan. Geeta Dutt. Mira Bhajan: Jogi mat ja 4


Jan. 27 Sufism and Qawwali, Ecstatic Performance Readings: Qureshi 1987, Ref: Qureshi book1986 (2005,1995):102-31 Video Qureshi Qawwali 1975 (Video 001) Audio Qureshi 1986 Book CD (Masnavi, Kachh Jagmag) Week 5 Feb 1 Devotional Communities Readings: Either Reference reading Ref Mansukhani, Qureshi 1981 Video: Sikh Dhadi Var Audio Shia Majlis of India and Pakistan,


You Tube Videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5brhC7gtPy0&feature=related Punjabi Folk Dhadi Var http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5brhC7gtPy0&feature=related Jogi Mat Ja, Geeta Dutt http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGTR08bpH4M&feature=fvsr Pag Ghunghru, Omkarnath Thakur

FINAL EDITS COMING:

Nationalism and Nation

Feb. 1 Musicians and the Nationalist project Readings: Bakhle Intro. Capwell 2000 Ref: Qureshi 1991 Audio Vande Mataram (Paluskar, Thakur, Rahman) Video Khyal, Veena Saharasbuddhe. Lesson 3 Feb.3 Music Reform and Institutions: Bhatkhande Readings: Bhakle Ch.on Bhatkhande, Nayar 271-306 Ref: Bhatkhande 1951-7, nd Video Bhatkhande College Classes Audio ref Deodhar (Folkways Records 8368) DUE DATE Report 1

Oct. 7 Week 6 Music Reform and Institutions: Paluskar Readings: Bhakle Ch.on Patwardhan, DISCUSSION, Report 1

Oct. 9 Music and Nation: the Radio Readings: Lelyveld 1996 Baily 1994, Ref: Luthra 1986, Reitov Video Utsav DVDs, Akashwani Archives Audio Tea House Music of Afghanistan

Oct. 14 Week 7 Music, the State, and Islam in Pakistan Readings: Qureshi 2000 Ref: Malik 1983, Nayyar 2000 Video Sayoni (Gillani) Audio Folk Music of Pakistan (Folkways)

Oct. 16 Readings: South Asia Overview: Genres and Instruments in national/religious Perspective Day 1974, Arnold:South Asia Audio Prasanna Ragamorphism


Week 8-10 Gender Identities

Oct. 21 Week 8 Devadasi and Tawaif: Contested Identities Readings: Srinivasan 1988, Kidwai 2004, Ref: Fuller 1900, Dewey 2008, Allen Video Utsav: Shobha Gurtu Audio

Oct. 23 A Venue of her Own Readings: Qureshi 2006 Ref: Pradhan1994, Saeed 2002 (Preface and ch 5, 10, 20) Video Zarina Parveen 1984, Hira Mandi 1992 Audio

Oct. 28 Week 9 Gendered Performances through Poetry-Music-Dance Readings: Rao 1996, Ref: Doubleday Video Utsav, both videos, Lahore Kothas Audio Qureshi 2006 CD/Notes Begum Akhtar, Zarina Parveen 1994

Oct. 30 Patriarchy and Survival: Sexual-musical Alternatives Readings: Oldenburg 1997, Jaffery, Kidwai Ref: Maciszewski 2006, Video Guria (Maciszewski), Bombay Cabaret Audio Playback singing DUE DATE Report 2


Weeks 10-13 Media

Nov. 4 Week 10 Revisiting Orality and Secondary Orality (i.e.Media) Readings: Neuman et al. 2005 Ref: Ong 2002, Qureshi 2007 Video Khandan Audio DISCUSS Report 2

Nov. 6 Media as Mode of Production Readings: Manuel 1993, Ref: Qureshi 2000a, Manuel 1996 Video Audio

Nov 11 NO CLASS Remembrance Day

Nov 12 Week 11 Cinema, History and Ideology Readings: Prasad 1998 Ref: Jaikumar 2006 Video TBA Geeton Ki Sahej Audio Premchand CDs


Nov 18 Week 12 Bollywood: Categories and Formulas Readings: Dudrah 2006 Ref: Premchand 2006 Video: Geeton ki Sahej Audio: Premchand CDs

Nov. 20 Guest Lecture: Ismaili Ginan and Devotional/ Popular Music of Pakistan Readings: TBA Ref: Video: Audio:

Nov 25 Week 13 Internet and Global Flows Readings: TBA Ref: Video: Audio:

DUE DATE: Paper Topic, for discussion

Nov 27 Student Presentation

Dec. 2 Student Presentations LAST CLASS


Dec. 9 DUE DATE: Final Paper



MUSIC 467/567: Music of India and South Asia Religion, Nation, Gender, Media

URL for Country Profiles Pakistan: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1157960.stm India:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1154019.

Afghanistan: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1162668.stm Bangladesh: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1160598.stm

Readings Allen, Matthew Harp.1999. Rewriting the Script for South Indian Dance. TD Review, 1999
Arnold, Alison ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.
Arnold, Alison 2000a "Profile of South Asia and Its Music," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.3-16.
Awasthy, G.C. 1965 "Programmes and Programme Policies". Broadcasting in India Bombay: Allied Publishers Ltd., pp. 32-54.
Baily, John. 1994. The Role of Music in the Creation of an Afghan National Identity. 1923-73. In Martin Stokes ed. Ethnicity, Identity, and Music: The Musical Construction of Place. Oxford/Providence: Berg. Beckerlegge, Gwilym (Ed.): Colonialism, Modernity, and Religious Identities : Religious Reform Movements in South Asia. New Delhi : Oxford University Press, 2008.
Bhagavan, Manu and Anne Feldhaus (Eds.) 2008.?Speaking Truth to Power : Religion, Caste, and the Subaltern Question in India.New Delhi : Oxford University Press.
Bhakle, Janaki. Two Men and Music: Nationalism in the Making of an Indian Classical Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bhatkande, V.N. "A Comparative Study of Some of the Leading Music Systems of the 15th, 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries." Journal of the Indian Musicological Society 3:1-61 and 4:1-52.
Bhatkhande, V. N.1951-7 Hindustani Sangit Paddhati. Hathras: Sangit Karyalay. 4 vols. (in Hindi).
Bhatkhande, V. N n.d. Bhatkhande College Syllabus. Lucknow: Bhatkhande College.
Bor, Joep 1999. Ed. The Raga Guide. A Survey of Hindustani Music. Rotterdam: Nimbus Records (4 CDs)
Bose, Sugata and Ayesha Jalal 1998. Modern South Asia: History, Culture, and Political Economy. Routledge.
Brown, Louise. 2005. The Dancing Girls of Lahore: Selling Love and Saving Dreams in Pakistan's Pleasure District. London: The Fourth Estate.
Capwell, Charles. 2000. "Music and Nationalism," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.431-439
Catlin, Amy.2000. "Karnatak Vocal and Instrumental Music," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.209-235.
Chaudhuri, Debu and Avinash Pasricha. Incredible India: Classical Music. 2007. New Delhi: Wisdom Tree.
Cush, Denise et al.2007. Encyclopedia of Hinduism / ed. by Denise Cush, Catherine Robinson, Michael York. London: Routledge.
Day, Charles Russell. 1974 [1891] The Music and Musical Instruments of Southern India and the Deccan. Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corp.
Deodhar, B. R.1993 Pillars of Hindusthani Music. Ram Deshmukh (Trans.). Bombay: Popular Prakashan.
Dewey, Susan:?2008. Making Miss India Miss World : constructing gender, power, and the nation in postliberalization India Syracuse University Press. Dudrah, Rajinder Kumar. 2006. Sociology Goes to the Movies. New Delhi: Sage Publications. Chs 1, 2, Appendix Errington, James Joseph. 2008. Linguistics in a Colonial World: a Story of Language, Meaning, and Power / Oxford : Blackwell Publishing, 2008. Fuller, Marcus B., Mrs. The Wrongs of Indian Womanhood. With an introduction by Ramabai. Edinburgh: Anderson and Ferrier (1900). Henry, Edward O. 1988 Chant the Names of God, Music In Bhojpuri-Speaking India. San Diego: San Diego State University Press, Chapters 1, 7. Howard, Wayne. 2000 "Vedic Chant, ," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.209-235. Huyler, Stephen P.1999 Meeting God, Elements of Hindu Devotion. New Haven: Yale University Press. Jackson, William. 2000. "Religious and Devtional Music: Southern Area, in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.259-271. Jaikumar, Priya .2006. Cinema at the End of Empire: A Politics of Transition in Britain and India. Durham: Duke University Press Jariwalla, Jayantilal S. 1973 Abdul Karim: The Man of the Times, Life and art of a great musician. Bombay: Balkrishnabuwa Kapileshwari. Karve, I. "On the Road. A Maharashtrian Pilgrimage," Journal of Asian Studies Kaufmann, Walter 1976 The Ragas of South India. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Kaufmann, Walter. 1968 The Ragas of North India. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Keskar, B.V. 1989. Indian Music: Problems and Prospects. Bombay: Popular Prakashan. Kidwai, Saleem,. 2004 The singing ladies find a voice. Celebrating Women a symposium on women who made a difference. Delhi: SEMINAR 540; Kidwai, Saleem ed., trans. 2002. Song Sung True : A Memoir, Malka Pukhraj. New Delhi, Kali for Women, 2003, viii, 377 p., $22. ISBN 81-86706 60-7 Lelyveld, David. 1996 "Upon the Subdominant: Administering Music on All-India Radio," Consuming the Nation. Ed. Carol A. Breckenridge, Delhi: Oxford Universty Press, pp. 49-65. Luthra, H.R.198d6 "Music". Indian Broadcasting. Delhi: Publications Division, pp. 298-315. Maciszewski, Ameila. 2006. “Tawaif, Tourism , and Tales.” In The Courtesa’s Art: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, eds. Martha Feldman and Bonnie Gordon. Chicago: Chicago University Press. 332-351. Malik, M. Saeed. 1983. The Musical Heritage of Pakistan. Islamabad: Idara Saqafat-e-Pakistan. Mansukhani, Gobind Singh 1982 Indian Classical Music and Sikh Kirtan. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Manuel, Peter L. 1993. Cassette Culture Popular music and technology in North India. Chicago: University of Chicago Press Manuel, Peter L. 1996. “Music, the Media, and Communal Relations in North India, Past and Present.” Contesting the Nation: Religion, Community, and the Politics of Democracy in India. Ed. David Ludden. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 119-139. Meer, Wim Van Der. 1980. Hindustani Music in the 20th Century. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, pp 25-9. Metcalf, Barbara D. and Thomas R. Metcalf, A Concise History of Modern India. Misra, Susheela. 1981. Great Masters of Hindustan Music. New Delhi: Hem Publishers. Nandy, Ashish.1983 The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism. Delhi: Oxford University Press. Nayar, Sobhana. 1989 Bhatkhande's Contribution to Music: A Historical Perspective. Bombay: Popular Prakashan. Neuman, Daniel M. 1979 The Life of Music in North India: The Organization of an Artistic Tradition. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. Neuman, Daniel, Shubha Chaudhuri, Komal Kothari. 2005. Bards, Ballads, and Boundaries. An Ethnographic Atlas of Music Traditions in West Rajasthan. Oldenburg, Veena Talwar. 1990. “Lifestyle as Resistance: The Case of the Courtesans of Lucknow.” Feminist Studies 16: 259-88. Ong, Walter J. 2002. Orality and Literacy: The Technologiing of the Word.(2nd ed). RLondon and New York: Routledge. .Paranjape, Wasanthi. 2006 Naad Tarang. Edmonton: Unpublished Manuscript. Pradhan, Aneesh.1994 "The Emergence of the Modern Concert Platform in Bombay." Journal of the Indian Musicological Society 25 (Jan-Dec. 1994): 51-55. Prasad, M. Madhava. 1998. Ideology of the Hindi Film: A Historical Construction. Delhi: Oxford University Press. Premchand, Manek 2006. Musical Moments from Films: Memorable Songs Down the Years.Bombay: Jharna Books. With 2 CDs. (on order) Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt, 1991 "Whose Music? Sources and Contexts in Indic Musicology,"in Bruno Nettl and Philip V. Bohlman, eds. Comparative Musicology and the Anthroplogy of Music: Essays on the History of Ethnomusicology. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 152-168. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt 1981."Islamic Music in an Indian Environment: The Shi'a Majlis." Ethnomusicology 25, No. 147 - 71. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt. 1986 Sufi Music of India and Pakistan, Sound, Context and Meaning in Qawwali. New York:Cambridge University Press. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt 1987 "Making the Music Happen in Quawwali." From Performance Traditions of India, ed. Bonnie C. Wade. Reprinted in Asian Music XVII Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt 2000a“His Master’s Voice: Qawwali and ‘Gramophone Culture’ in South Asia.” Popular Music : 42 pp. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt. 2000 “Music, the State, and Islam in Pakistan” Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia. Qureshi,,Regula Burckhardt. 2001 In search of Begum Akhtar: Patriarchy, poetry, and twentieth-century Indian music. The World of Music 43 : 97-137. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt. 2006. “Female Agency and Patrilineal Constraints: Situating Courtesans in Twentieth-Century India. In The Courtesa’s Art: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, eds. Martha Feldman and Bonnie Gordon. Chicago: Chicago University Press. 312-331. Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt. 2007. Master Musicians of India: Hereditary Sarangi Players Speak. New York: Routledge Ranade, Ashok Da. 2006. Music Contexts: A Concise Dictionary of Hindustani Music..New Delhi: Promilla $ Co.. New Delh2i: Promilla. Rao, Vidya. 1996. "Thumri and Thumri singers: Changes in Style and Life-style," in Indu Banga Jaidev, ed. Cultural Reorientation in Modern India. Rashtrapati Nivas, Shimla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 278-315. Reitov, Ole.1998. Music and Identity. Index on Censorship vo. 27 no 6, Issue 185. Saeed, Fauzia. 2002. Taboo! The Hidden Life of a Red-Light District. Karachi: Oxford University Press. Schubel, Wayne.1993. Religious Performance in Contemporary Islam: Shia Devotional Rituals in South Asia. University of South Carolina Press. Schultz, Anna 2002. "Hindu nationalist Music and Embodiment in Marathi Rashtriya Kirtan." Ethnomusicology 46(2):1-17. Schultz, Anna. 2008. Ethnomusicology 52 (2):1-17. Shankar, Ravi. 1968, 2007. My Music, My Life. San Rafael, California: Mandala Publishing. Sharma, Amal Das. 1993 Musicians of India: Past and Present. Calcutta: Naya Prokash. Shringy, R.K. and P.L. Sharma. 1978 Eds. and transl.Sangita ratnakara of Sarngadeva, Vol. 1. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. Sikh Sacred Music Society n.d. Sikh Sacred Music. Singer, Milton. 1972. ""The Radha Krishna Bhajans of Madras City," in When a Great Tradition Modernizes.. New York: Praeger. 199-241. Slawek, Stephen. 1988. "Popular Kirtan in Benares: Some 'Great' Aspects of a Little Tradition" Ethnomusicology 32(2) 77-92. Sorrell, Neil and Ram Narayan. 1980. Indian Music in Performance. A Practical Introduction New York: New York University Press.(See Cassette in AV list) Srinivasan, Amrit. 1988. “Reform or Conformity? Temple “Prostitiution” and the Community in the Madras Presidency.” New Delhi: Kali for Women Houdou, 1988. Staal, J.F. 1968 Liner Notes The Four Vedas. New York: Ethnic Folkeways records (CD on reserve) T. Sankaran andMatthew Allan. 2000"The Social Organization of Music and Musicians: Southern Area. ," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing. 383-396. Thompson, Gordon. 2000. "Regional Caste Artists and their Patrons," , in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.209-235. Wade, Bonnie C. 2000 "Hindustani Vocal Music," in Alison Arnold ed. South Asia:The Indian Subcontinent. Vol. 5, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. New York: Garland Publishing.162-187. Weidman, Amanda J. 2006. Singing the Classical, Voicing the Modern. The Postcolonial Politics of Music in South India .Durham: Duke University Press. T. Viswanathan and Matthew Harp Allen. 2005. Music in South India. Oxford University Press.