Difference between revisions of "Aghani diniyya"

From CCE wiki archived
Jump to: navigation, search
(New mediated inshad)
 
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
= Musical inshad and aghani diniyya =
+
"Religious Songs", produced by Muslim Arab performers.
  
Whereas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, singers and munshidin were often indistinguishable, the two streams "singing" and "hymnody" drifted apart by mid-century due to media and capitalist pressures.  Nevertheless crossover does happen--even in the present (with popular music more commercial than ever, while religious trends are more literalist than ever) pop singers may release "religious" songs from time to time.
+
Whereas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, singers and munshidin were often indistinguishable, the two streams "singing" and "hymnody" drifted apart by mid-century due to media and capitalist pressures.  Nevertheless crossover does happen--even in the present (with popular music more commercial than ever, while religious trends are more literalist than ever) pop singers may release "religious" songs from time to time, and some religious performers may release songs containing elements of mainstream secular music, thus blurring the boundaries.
  
 
* [http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/~michaelf/MR/Chanting%20devotion/Islamic/Cue%2013.mp3 Orchestral inshad (religious song)]. Performed by Shaykh Sayyid al-Naqshabandi with chorus and
 
* [http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/~michaelf/MR/Chanting%20devotion/Islamic/Cue%2013.mp3 Orchestral inshad (religious song)]. Performed by Shaykh Sayyid al-Naqshabandi with chorus and
Line 10: Line 10:
 
which is specially sanctioned by Prophetic traditions in Islamic music.
 
which is specially sanctioned by Prophetic traditions in Islamic music.
  
* [http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/~michaelf/MR/Chanting%20devotion/Islamic/Cue%2014.mp3 Aghani diniyya] (religious songs performed by ordinary singers=mutribin). Performed by ‘Abd al-Halim Hafez
+
* [http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/~michaelf/MR/Chanting%20devotion/Islamic/Cue%2014.mp3 Aghani diniyya] (religious songs performed by ordinary singers=mutribin). Performed by ‘Abd al-Halim Hafez. ‘Abd al-Halim (1929-1977) was something analogous to Egypt’s Elvis, an extremely popular singer of romantic songs; he did not train
Hafez. ‘Abd al-Halim was Egypt’s Elvis, an extremely popular singer of romantic songs; he did not train
 
 
in the religious tradition and has no status as “shaykh”. However during religious holidays he might sing
 
in the religious tradition and has no status as “shaykh”. However during religious holidays he might sing
 
religious material; this tape is an example. It cannot be considered pure inshad dini, since the context,
 
religious material; this tape is an example. It cannot be considered pure inshad dini, since the context,
Line 17: Line 16:
 
performance as religious, and the mood is subdued, with little meter; but vocal style is similar to ‘Abd al-
 
performance as religious, and the mood is subdued, with little meter; but vocal style is similar to ‘Abd al-
 
Halim’s standard popular fare.
 
Halim’s standard popular fare.
 
  
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qe1wtmiOCQ Laglinnabi] by Muhammad al-Kahlawi (instance of aghani diniyya) [[Lyrics to Laglinnabi]]
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qe1wtmiOCQ Laglinnabi] by Muhammad al-Kahlawi (instance of aghani diniyya) [[Lyrics to Laglinnabi]]
Line 23: Line 21:
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBfWxLeFrrU Wolida Alhouda], by Riyad al-Sunbati and Ahmad Shawqi, sung by Umm Kulthum [[Lyrics to Wolida Alhouda]]
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBfWxLeFrrU Wolida Alhouda], by Riyad al-Sunbati and Ahmad Shawqi, sung by Umm Kulthum [[Lyrics to Wolida Alhouda]]
  
[https://soundcloud.com/saifowoo/em5guysgs6a9 Song by Egyptian star Muhammad Munir based on Takbir al-Eid]
+
More recent examples include:  
 
 
* More recently Egyptian popular singer Hisham Abbas released this version of the [http://youtube.com/watch?v=8OVp2ASGOic 99 most beautiful names of God].  Compare this to his more usual "video clips" such as [http://youtube.com/watch?v=Lfcwqb3QFDQ this one], performed with an Indian singer, or [http://youtube.com/watch?v=MU5i10Sf8Zg this], performed with a Turkish singer.
 
  
= New mediated inshad, often termed "nasheed" =
+
Mohamed Mounir's 2002 studio album [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBug5kifAUc&list=PLCCAC549A0DD21DE1 "El Ard... El Salam"] featuring Islamic lyrics, and a range of musical styles, yet featuring the nay (reed flute) and duff (frame drum), emblematic of Islamic tradition. He produced the album following the September 11 attacks, after he had performed the Hajj, and felt compelled  to project an image of Islam's peacefulness.
  
With the rise of mass music media—beginning with early 20th c phonograms—new modes of commodified production and consumption were enabled, transforming the sound and meaning of Islamic music.  Mass media tend both to replace traditional performance, and to standardize it, according to high-value models.  While cassettes (1970s) greatly expanded mediazation, until recently most distribution was regional.
+
[https://soundcloud.com/saifowoo/em5guysgs6a9 Song by Egyptian star Muhammad Munir based on Takbir al-Eid]
 
 
Since the 1990s,  a studio-produced style called nashid or anashid, has been globally disseminated via satellite TV and Internet, in the ethos of Islamic reformism. While traditional themes of praise and supplication remain, new ones—political or social—are also taken up, in keeping with reformism’s more socially engaged worldview.
 
 
 
Conservative performers avoid instruments, though often admitting percussion as a matter of principle. Such inshad is restrained, with little improvisation or elaborate melisma, yet modernized through digital processing, harmonization, and music videos. One of the most media-savvy voices  is that of the Kuwaiti [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-4937366452266404637 Shaykh Mashari Rashid al-`Afasy] (b. 1976), who also recites Qur’an and ad`iyya, serves as imam of Kuwait’s Grand Mosque, and even owns his own religious TV station (al-`Afasy TV).
 
 
 
= Inshad in popular music styles = 
 
 
 
The work of others is closer to popular music, often incorporating melodic instruments, and featuring contemporary arrangements, inflected by local pop style. Such performers include the British-Azeri [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JztKUCBDK3A Sami Yusuf]. In one album (My Umma) he scrupulously avoided use of musical instruments, but later made use of them as in [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkkwgrjOBFQ this clip], though not without invoking criticism. Here he deliberately makes use of several languages, emphasizing unity in the Muslim Ummah.  Other performers of this type include [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvbgaw972c4 Zain Bhikha] from South Africa, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJQgVYG7ELE Mesut Kurtis] from Macedonia, the Indonesian [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5z-cWGESRY Haddad Alwi] and the phenomenal Malaysian boy band, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGtMXBDD2qY Raihan]. Note use of traditional gongs in some southeast Asian nasheed.
 
  
Islamic versions of Western popular music genres, usually created by Muslims living in the West, maintain musical style, while inserting Islamic texts and intentions.  Examples include Islamic performance poetry and hip-hop ([http://www.amirsulaiman.com Amir Sulayman], who [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZg7_5VVU3M recently performed poetry at the University of Alberta] and also [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12gt_l0ABm0&feature=related raps]), Islamic punk rock (Taqwacore) (e.g. [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRTd80en1CI the Kominas], Islamic folk-rock ([http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBFkokotZDA Dawud Wharnsby Ali], and of course [http://youtube.com/watch?v=-L-GOHa5-YQ Yusuf Islam], aka Cat Stevens), even Islamic country ([http://youtube.com/watch?v=Y4P5Mvt0fmc Karim Salama]) (Buysse, 2007, Swedenburg, 2002, Miyakawa, 2005, Abdul Khabeer, 2007).  These musics tend to engage social issues afflicting diasporic Muslim communities, e.g. racism and drug use, addressing non-Muslims as well.
+
Egypt pop singer Hisham Abbas' song [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyxKzqghF24 the Most Beautiful Names of God], actually a rendition of a traditional recitation of the 99 Names of God. Here the text and music is traditionally Islamic, but the artist is not known for this kind of production.  Compare this to his more usual "video clips" such as [http://youtube.com/watch?v=Lfcwqb3QFDQ this one], performed with an Indian singer, or [http://youtube.com/watch?v=MU5i10Sf8Zg this], performed with a Turkish singer.

Latest revision as of 15:08, 1 October 2015

"Religious Songs", produced by Muslim Arab performers.

Whereas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, singers and munshidin were often indistinguishable, the two streams "singing" and "hymnody" drifted apart by mid-century due to media and capitalist pressures. Nevertheless crossover does happen--even in the present (with popular music more commercial than ever, while religious trends are more literalist than ever) pop singers may release "religious" songs from time to time, and some religious performers may release songs containing elements of mainstream secular music, thus blurring the boundaries.

orchestra. Here is an example of transformation of the older ibtihalat and tawashih traditions. Shaykh Naqshabandi became famous through media appearances. Formerly he performed in the traditional vocal style, which was later augmented with orchestra and fixed arrangements. Note the focus on nay (reed flute), whose sound is a symbol of Islamic mysticism and contemplation, as well as the duff (frame drum), which is specially sanctioned by Prophetic traditions in Islamic music.

  • Aghani diniyya (religious songs performed by ordinary singers=mutribin). Performed by ‘Abd al-Halim Hafez. ‘Abd al-Halim (1929-1977) was something analogous to Egypt’s Elvis, an extremely popular singer of romantic songs; he did not train

in the religious tradition and has no status as “shaykh”. However during religious holidays he might sing religious material; this tape is an example. It cannot be considered pure inshad dini, since the context, style, and performer do not certify the performance as a true devotional act. The nay is used to mark the performance as religious, and the mood is subdued, with little meter; but vocal style is similar to ‘Abd al- Halim’s standard popular fare.

Laglinnabi by Muhammad al-Kahlawi (instance of aghani diniyya) Lyrics to Laglinnabi

Wolida Alhouda, by Riyad al-Sunbati and Ahmad Shawqi, sung by Umm Kulthum Lyrics to Wolida Alhouda

More recent examples include:

Mohamed Mounir's 2002 studio album "El Ard... El Salam" featuring Islamic lyrics, and a range of musical styles, yet featuring the nay (reed flute) and duff (frame drum), emblematic of Islamic tradition. He produced the album following the September 11 attacks, after he had performed the Hajj, and felt compelled to project an image of Islam's peacefulness.

Song by Egyptian star Muhammad Munir based on Takbir al-Eid

Egypt pop singer Hisham Abbas' song the Most Beautiful Names of God, actually a rendition of a traditional recitation of the 99 Names of God. Here the text and music is traditionally Islamic, but the artist is not known for this kind of production. Compare this to his more usual "video clips" such as this one, performed with an Indian singer, or this, performed with a Turkish singer.