Musical acoustics

DiscoverE

Some instruments of Egypt

• Kawala (a short end-blown reed flute, open on both ends)
• Nay (like a kawala, but longer)
• Toora (cymbals, beaten together)
• Oud (fretless lute)
• Tabla (an hour-glass shaped drum)
• Daff (a frame drum)

Performances:

Many of these instruments are used in mystical Islamic (Sufi) music, as in this staged performance.

Here are some of these instruments performed in a real religious ritual called hadra. Name the instruments you see. Which instruments didn't appear?

Classification of musical instruments by vibration dimension and material

Hornbostel-Sachs

• Idiophones: the whole instrument vibrates (3D)
• Membranophones: a membrane vibrates (2D)
• Chordophones: a string vibrates (1D)
• Aerophones: an air column vibrates (1D)

Animations:

• Idiophone: tuning fork
• Membranophone
• Chordophone
• Aerophone: open flute

Virtual instrument museum, organized according to Hornbostel-Sachs

Slow motion videos:

snare drum

cymbal

drumset

How would you classify the Egyptian instruments?

• Kawala
• Nay
• Toora
• Oud
• Tabla
• Daff

General acoustics

http://www.falstad.com/mathphysics.html

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/SoundsOfWaveforms/

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TheSoundOfSineWaves/

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/OutgoingWavesGeneratedByAPulsatingSource/

Musical acoustics

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Musical_acoustics

http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/music/

http://www.audiosonica.com/en/course/post/2/Index

http://www.physics.umd.edu/deptinfo/facilities/lecdem/misc/phys102/index.htm

http://www.phys.cwru.edu/ccpi/

http://www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/lennon/362/english/acoustics.htm

http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/index.htm

Classification

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs

Chordophones

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TheVibratingString/

http://www.falstad.com/mathphysics.html

Aerophones

http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/flutes.v.clarinets.html

Two dimensional vibrations

Membranophones

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/VibrationsOfARectangularMembrane/

http://www.falstad.com/mathphysics.html

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/ChladniFigures/

Three dimensional vibrations

Idiophones

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TuningFork/